Marie Antoinette and Louis XVI. Colored. He is not ready to compromise the hopes of a victory against the French armies for the sake of an aunt he does not know. The entire trial started from October 15, 1793 at eight in the morning and ended on October 16 at four-thirty in the morning.8, On October 16, 1793, at four-thirty in the morning, Marie Antoinette was declared guilty of the three main charges of having secret agreements with foreign powers, of shipping money aboard to Austria, and of conspiring with these powers against the security of French. A Student Organization of St. Mary's University of San Antonio Texas. She worked in secret with Barnave and two others ( a triumvirate) who were working on the Constitution and then she worked with Louis to help him accept the new Constitution. It was a dungeon of fifteen square meters with walls covered with an old cloth stained by humidity. In January 1793, King Louis XVI was sentenced to death for conspiring against the state. No matter the circumstances that were thrown at her, she managed to keep her dignified reputation, even until moments before her death. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. He had formerly been part of the Comte de Provence’s military establishment and was one of the officers who had protected her on June 20, 1792. But Marie-Antoinette is no ordinary prisoner. Soon arrive the Court clerk and the judges, who read her the sentence, as required by law. I appreciate the author’s addition of her second burial, for it symbolized a happy ending for the noble Queen. The execution of Marie Antoinette was closely followed by that of twenty-one patriotic Girondists, who, on their way to the scaffold, and while awaiting their turn, heroically sang the "Marseillaise," to prove their devotion to their native country. “The widow Capet. Marie-Antoinette, in full Marie-Antoinette-Josèphe-Jeanne d’Autriche-Lorraine (Austria-Lorraine), originally German Maria Antonia Josepha Joanna von Österreich-Lothringen, (born November 2, 1755, Vienna, Austria—died October 16, 1793, Paris, France), Austrian queen consort of King Louis XVI of France (1774–93). On … She was the Queen’s lady in waiting and her husband was General de Jarjayes, a loyal follower of the royal family. 30. Family: Marie was the 15th child of Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor, and Empress Maria Theresa. Madame Élisabeth. Once in her cell, she is given a candle, ink and paper. She may have some value as a hostage in war negotiations with the Austrians, and the National Convention sends emissaries to that effect to the enemy. It is crazy how they found Marie Antoinette innocent after it was too late, and she was already dead. In early August she was transferred from the Temple to the Conciergerie, known as “the antechamber to the guillotine,” and two months later she was put on trial. Having relieved herself, she meekly held out her hands to have them bound again.10. The case is therefore set for trial before the Revolutionary Tribunal, and a preliminary hearing is held at the beginning of October. Marie Antoinette refused to respond to any charges. [The presiding judge] Herman, who is no fool, let it pass without questioning Antoinette on it. As stated by Chauveau-Lagarde, Marie Antoinette showed true courage and was void of any negative emotion.9 Once returned to her cell, the Queen wrote a farewell letter to Madame Elisabeth, her sister-in-law. One of the accusations against her was that she had been one of the instigators of the Champ-de-Mars massacre of July 1791, and that she had sent money out of the country to her brother, the Holy Roman Emperor. Then, the following August, Marie-Antoinette is transferred, alone, without her children or sister-in-law Madame Elisabeth, to the jail of La Conciergerie. Various accounts state that she stood accused of treason, but for her, probably the most heartbreaking was that she’d sexually abused Louis Charles, the spare, who was now heir to the throne now his older brother and dad were both dead. Despite being a sacrifice for the French, she never lost her composure and retained her image as a dignified Queen until the last moment of her life.17, Winner of the Fall 2019 StMU History Media Award for Best Article in the Category. King Louis XVI of France and his wife Queen Marie Antoinette were both beheaded by the guillotine at the Place de la Révolution (now the Place de la Concorde) in Paris, France. That gave her an opportunity to feign outrage and appeal to the public. The Conciergerie prison. Execution of Louis and Marie Antoinette From the autumn of 1791 on, the king tied his hopes of political salvation to the dubious prospects of foreign intervention. Madame Élisabeth. “I do not need anything anymore,” responds Marie-Antoinette. That day, angry mobs broke into the Tuileries and forced the King to acknowledge the Republic. First, she was obliged to prepare herself under the gendarmes’ watchful eyes. An English writer on the execution of Marie-Antoinette (1793) Helen Maria Williams was an English writer and poet who lived in France during the revolution. Madame Élisabeth. The Telescope portrait. Her trial was particularly grim. Louis is executed on the 21st of January 1793. The Telescope portrait. The transcript notes that “Antoinette almost always kept a calm and assured demeanor; during the first hours of her questioning, she was seen running her fingers on the arm of her chair, as though she were playing the pianoforte.”, In my first novel, Mistress of the Revolution, one of the main characters is Pierre-André Coffinhal, a judge of the Revolutionary Tribunal. She was the last Queen of France before the revolutionaries overthrew the monarchy. One of the gendarmes, Lieutenant de Busne, offers her a glass of water and his arm to go down the steep corkscrew stairs. Louis was granted a final visit from Marie Antoinette and his children on the evening of January … The idea was for Marie Antoinette to escape to the château of Madame de Jarjayes. This is a very long by Revolutionary Tribunal standards. Despite having an entire revolutionary organization against her, and experiencing constant humiliation, Marie Antoinette did everything in her power to represent the monarchy well, which I believe she accomplished. She has been bleeding profusely (she is apparently suffering from a uterine fibroma, or possibly some more serious condition) and wishes to change her shirt. Execution of Marie-Antoinette, Queen of France, who was guillotined at the Concorde square on October 16, 1793 in Paris, France. The new Holy Roman Emperor, Francis II, her nephew, has never met her. After ten weeks in the Conciergerie, the Queen’s incarceration came to an end. "One of the best reads of the year." Queen Marie Antoinette of France was born Archduchess Maria Antonia of Austria, Princess of Hungary and Bohemia in 1755. The days of the directoire. Speaking to Victor Hugo in 1840, a man called Leboucher, who had arrived in Paris from Bourges in December 1792 and was present at the execution of Louis XVI, recalled vividly: Here are some unknown details. Louis XVI, who belonged to the Royal House of Bourbon, became King of France in 1774 when his grandfather Louis XV died. Rosalie also cuts Marie-Antoinette’s hair short on the neck. In this fashion the executioner does not have to do it himself to facilitate the operation of the guillotine. The tragic tale of Marie Antoinette's death during the French Revolution is the stuff of legend. The Queen, who had been separated from her children, was taken to her execution in an ordinary cart. Death of the Dauphin. All articles in this series. Events by cover : Works (7) Titles: Order: Fatal Purity: Robespierre and the French Revolution by Ruth Scurr: The Life and Times of Robespierre by Luigi Mario Pizzinelli: Madame Tussaud by Michelle Moran: The Terror: The Shadow … Now in trade paperback. Louis XVI was executed on January 21, 1793, and Marie Antoinette was executed on … I have also read one of the first biographies written dating back to 1896 written by the son ( I believe of the son of someone who knew her) Today in History: Marie Antoinette beheaded (10/16/1793) Answers.Com ^ Posted on 10/16/2006 11:24:52 AM PDT by yankeedame. I have heard of the name Marie Antoinette plenty of times, but I never knew about her execution. In addition, Marie Antoinette was insulted and called a traitor of France. For the National Convention, there is political advantage in executing a hated public figure, and none in keeping her alive. My passion is reading and gaining new knowledge. Even though she was actually innocent of her crimes. She seemed compliant but brave after she put her hands together to be bound again. The execution, like that of her husband, took place at the Place de la Révolution, recently renamed from Place de Louis XV (currently Place de la Concorde). Marie Antoinette before the Revolutionary Tribunal. This article does a well job at outlining how she managed to keep her dignity and do everything she could to represent the monarchy well. Thus, the hereditary obligation fell to the youngest son, Henri, and it was Henri who executed Queen Marie Antoinette in October of 1793, Sanson only attended. 6 livres for the coffin. She was at the forefront of a change in royal styles which would be widely adopted after her death, but she was in many ways too early. GENTLEMAN'S MAGAZINE, London, November, 1798 Inside has an interesting letter which begins: "I was an eye-witness of the death of Marie Antoinette. So dies Marie-Antoinette, two weeks before her 38th birthday. 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The Execution of Marie Antoinette Marie Antoinette by Lebrun. The accounts given of … Her actions justify just how brave she was. Had Marie-Antoinette harbored any hope of a different outcome? His death left the king's 11 … Robert Dodsley - TRIAL & EXECUTION of MARIE ANTOINETTE - 1793 Omschrijving Robert Dodsley - TRIAL & EXECUTION of MARIE ANTOINETTE - 1793 Geschiedenis, Politiek - Aantal: 1 - Boek gerelateerd object In January 1793 Louis XVI was executed and in February Revolutionary France declared war on Britain and the Netherlands. The days of the directoire. 15 livres, 35 sols for the grave and the gravedigger.” These words described the funeral of the last Queen of France.13 With the restoration of the monarchy, on January 18, 1815, the remains of the royal bodies were exhumed with the help of Pierre Louis Desclozeaux, an old lawyer who lived at 48 rue d’Anjou. La folie de bâtir: pavillons d'agrément et folies sous l'Ancien Régime. The execution, like that of her husband, took place at the Place de la Révolution, recently renamed from Place de Louis XV (currently Place de la Concorde). Marie Antoinette was also told her hands must be bound, even though the late Louis XVI hadn’t had his hands bounded. By the time the cart reached the Place du Carrousel, she was sufficiently in command of herself to step down easily. There an open cart, drawn by two large white horses, is waiting for her. My eyes have no more tears I have him relate the trial (it was eerie to write, because I had always thought of it from Marie-Antoinette’s standpoint.). She was the 15th and last child of aristocratic parents who together formed Habsburg-Lorraine dynasty. On 16th October 1793, Marie Antoinette was found in her cell at the Conciergerie in Paris dressed in her mourning dress, laying down on her bed in floods of tears. Born: 2 November 1755 Birthplace: Vienna, Austria Died: 16 October 1793 (beheading) Best Known As: Queen of France, 1775-93 Name at birth: Maria Antonia Exécution de Marie Antoinette Again this is a stark contrast with the execution of Louis XVI, who had been granted the assistance of an unsworn priest of his own choosing. It is surprising to me how they used her as a scapegoat to blame all the problems on her since she was apart of the royal family. My God, have mercy on me! She was only 37 years old, but her hair had already turned white, and her skin was just as pale. Here, in a private letter, she recalls the trial and execution of Marie-Antoinette: Artist: Jacques-Louis David (1748-1825) was not simply one of the crowd when he sketched Marie Antoinette on her way to the guillotine on October 16, 1793. The Revolutionary Tribunal took nine months to put Marie Antoinette on trial on made-up charges after her husband’s execution. 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